First Testament

Second Testament

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Romans

First Testament

Second Testament

Romans
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
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Overview

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Timeline

The letters attributed to Paul can be found on this timeline. This collection includes Paul's authentic episltes as well as the disputed writings.

Undisputed letters Disputed letters Pastoral Epistles
50 60 70 80 90 100 110 AD
GalatiansGal
1 Thessalonians1 Thess1 Thess
2 Thessalonians2 Thess2 Thess
RomansRom
1 Corinthians1 Cor
2 Corinthians2 Cor
PhilippiansPhil
EphesiansEph
ColossiansCol
PhilemonPhlm
1 Timothy1 Tim
2 Timothy2 Tim
TitusTitus
Council of Jerusalemc. 49 AD Martyrdom of Paulc. 64–67 AD

Chapters

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Outline

  1. Greeting and theme: the gospel as God's power 1:1-17
  2. Sin and the righteousness of God 1:18-4:25
  3. Life in Christ and the Spirit 5:1-8:39
  4. Israel and the purposes of God 9:1-11:36
  5. Exhortation: the transformed life 12:1-15:13
  6. Travel plans, greetings, and doxology 15:14-16:27

Manuscript witnesses

Earliest papyri

Papyrus 𝔓46 (Chester Beatty II) — c. 175–225 AD
The earliest substantial copy of the Pauline corpus, preserving most of the major letters and Hebrews.

Major codices

Codex Vaticanus — c. 300–325 AD
One of the oldest near-complete Bibles in Greek, held in the Vatican Library.
Codex Sinaiticus — c. 330–360 AD
A fourth-century majuscule containing the complete New Testament.

Majuscules

Codex Claromontanus — 5th–6th century AD
A Greek-Latin bilingual majuscule of the Pauline epistles, a chief witness to their 'Western' text.

Sources

  1. a Brown, Raymond E. An Introduction to the New Testament (Anchor Bible Reference Library). Doubleday, 1997.