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Ephesians

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Ephesians
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Excerpt

After an extremely brief address (1:1-2), the pastoral opens into the first of its two large sections (1:3-3:19); this is divided by a brief doxology (3:20-21) from the second (4:1-6:20), which concludes with a few lines of personal detail (6:21-24). 1:3-14 is a glowing paragraph of praise, in rhythmical strophes, to God for his complete and gracious revelation to men in Christ, followed by a prayer that the readers may have a perfect knowledge of this open secret in Christ as the head of the church (1:15-23).

Their personal experience of such a salvation is due to grace alone (2:1-10), and as Gentile Christians they should especially realise the gracious union effected by Christ between themselves and the Jewish Christians (2:11-22). Of this gospel for Gentile Christians, Paul is the chosen herald (3:1-13), and the section closes with an impressive prayer for their attainments in the Christian experience (3:14-21, resuming the ideas of 1:15-19).

The second section (4:1 = 2:10) expounds the ethical obligations of this privilege, unity (4:1-16) being set in the forefront. Then follows (4:17 resuming the thought of 4:1) a series of counsels on purity of conduct (4:17-24, 4:24 = 2:10), and the general morals of the new life (4:25-5:2, 5:3-21), concluding with a household table of maxims for wives and husbands (5:22-24, 25-33), parents and children (6:1-4), and slaves and masters (6:5-9). A final word of exhortation on the spiritual conflict (6:10-18) drifts into a brief request for prayer on Paul’s behalf (6:19-20).

James Moffatt An Introduction to the New Testament 1918

Timeline

The letters attributed to Paul can be found on this timeline. This collection includes Paul's authentic episltes as well as the disputed writings.

Undisputed letters Disputed letters Pastoral Epistles

Chapters

1 2 3 4 5 6

Outline

  1. Blessing and God's plan in Christ 1:1-23
  2. From death to life; Jew and Gentile reconciled 2:1-22
  3. Paul's mission and prayer 3:1-21
  4. Unity, new life, and household codes 4:1-6:9
  5. The armor of God and closing 6:10-24

Manuscript witnesses

Earliest papyri

Papyrus 𝔓46 (Chester Beatty II) — c. 175–225 AD
The earliest substantial copy of the Pauline corpus, preserving most of the major letters and Hebrews.

Major codices

Codex Vaticanus — c. 300–325 AD
One of the oldest near-complete Bibles in Greek, held in the Vatican Library.
Codex Sinaiticus — c. 330–360 AD
A fourth-century majuscule containing the complete New Testament.

Sources

  1. a Brown, Raymond E. An Introduction to the New Testament (Anchor Bible Reference Library). Doubleday, 1997.
  2. b Moffatt, James. An Introduction to the New Testament (International Theological Library). T&T Clark, 1918.